Rozhan Rabbani

EECS Department, University of California, Berkeley

Technical Report No. UCB/EECS-2024-29

May 1, 2024

http://www2.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2024/EECS-2024-29.pdf

Millimeter-scale, implantable wireless sensors enable unprecedented access to \textit{in vivo} information, providing insights for diagnosis and treatment guidance across numerous medical conditions, including cancer therapy. For instance, one of the high-impact therapeutics where access to cellular-level information from deep inside the body in real-time is critical is Immunotherapy. This information can be utilized in improving the efficacy of the treatment leading to higher response rates for patients. However, current imaging modalities suffer from inadequate resolution and lack of compatibility needed to monitor the tissue and the immune response continuously. Therefore, there's a need for a miniaturized image sensor to monitor biological processes dynamically. To address these challenges, we propose a mm-sized, ultrasonically powered, wireless, lensless CMOS image sensor for real-time fluorescence microscopy from within tissue. The proposed device eliminates the need for bulky optics such as lenses or bulky electronics such as batteries and external wiring. The design incorporates a $36\times40$-pixel CMOS image sensor with power harvesting interface measuring only $2.4 \times 4.7 mm^{2}$, a sub-mm-sized laser diode (LD), a single piezoceramic and a storage capacitor. The piezoceramic harvests energy from the acoustic waves to power up the sensor and transfer data back to an external receiver via ultrasound. The overall system exhibits detection of $140 \mu m$ features on a United States Air Force (USAF) resolution test target opening the door to continual \textit{in vivo} monitoring of microscopic cell foci and increasing visibility into the tumor microenvironment. Future work to further decrease the size of this proposed untethered device will enable minimally invasive implantation of the device using a biopsy needle eliminating the need for surgeries and facilitating its use for Immunotherapy patients.

Advisors: Vladimir Stojanovic

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BibTeX citation:

@mastersthesis{Rabbani:EECS-2024-29,
    Author= {Rabbani, Rozhan},
    Editor= {Anwar, Mekhail and Stojanovic, Vladimir},
    Title= {A Wireless Image Sensor for Real-Time, In Vivo Fluorescence Microscopy in Cancer Therapy},
    School= {EECS Department, University of California, Berkeley},
    Year= {2024},
    Month= {May},
    Url= {http://www2.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2024/EECS-2024-29.html},
    Number= {UCB/EECS-2024-29},
    Abstract= {Millimeter-scale, implantable wireless sensors enable unprecedented access to \textit{in vivo} information, providing insights for diagnosis and treatment guidance across numerous medical conditions, including cancer therapy. For instance, one of the high-impact therapeutics where access to cellular-level information from deep inside the body in real-time is critical is Immunotherapy. This information can be utilized in improving the efficacy of the treatment leading to higher response rates for patients.
However, current imaging modalities suffer from inadequate resolution and lack of compatibility needed to monitor the tissue and the immune response continuously. Therefore, there's a need for a miniaturized image sensor to monitor biological processes dynamically. To address these challenges, we propose a mm-sized, ultrasonically powered, wireless, lensless CMOS image sensor for real-time fluorescence microscopy from within tissue. The proposed device eliminates the need for bulky optics such as lenses or bulky electronics such as batteries and external wiring. The design incorporates a $36\times40$-pixel CMOS image sensor with power harvesting interface measuring only $2.4 \times 4.7 mm^{2}$, a sub-mm-sized laser diode (LD), a single piezoceramic and a storage capacitor. The piezoceramic harvests energy from the acoustic waves to power up the sensor and transfer data back to an external receiver via ultrasound. The overall system exhibits detection of $140 \mu m$ features on a United States Air Force (USAF) resolution test target opening the door to continual \textit{in vivo} monitoring of microscopic cell foci and increasing visibility into the tumor microenvironment.
Future work to further decrease the size of this proposed untethered device will enable minimally invasive implantation of the device using a biopsy needle eliminating the need for surgeries and facilitating its use for Immunotherapy patients.},
}

EndNote citation:

%0 Thesis
%A Rabbani, Rozhan 
%E Anwar, Mekhail 
%E Stojanovic, Vladimir 
%T A Wireless Image Sensor for Real-Time, In Vivo Fluorescence Microscopy in Cancer Therapy
%I EECS Department, University of California, Berkeley
%D 2024
%8 May 1
%@ UCB/EECS-2024-29
%U http://www2.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2024/EECS-2024-29.html
%F Rabbani:EECS-2024-29